Electromagnetic hone



ywd. mms3. l y Patented 1an. :7, me.

- T.. n. Smm. y

4 ELE''RIGNETI' HNE.

{Appl-imam med nec. 9, 1897.;

(no modal.)

nire .drames nrnnrr @einen frnnononn n. sMiTr-i, or Los ANGELES,cAmroRNm entfernen/inc Marzo Hou n.,

SPECIIEICAIIONv forming part of Letters-Patent No. 617,783, datedJanuary 17, 1899. Application died December 9, 18.97. Serial No.661,316. lNo modelo. i

To 'all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, Tnnononn R. SMITH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the ycounty of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented a new-and useful Electromagnetic Home, ofwhich the following is a'speciication.

The object of mylinvention is to provideimproved means for preventing awire-edge from being produced on the razor by honing.

Another object of my invention is to so construct it that the hone isremovable, so that each barber can use his own hone at pleaslre.

A difficulty experiencedrin honing razors is that the bevel of the bladebendsso that the very edge springs away from the hone, and then thehone, instead of acting directly upon the edge of the razor, cuts moreeifectively along a line vbetween the edge and where the bevel starts,so that the resultof honing is to leave the blade thinner along the linejust back of the edge than it isat the edge, so that the edge breaksaway under the use and the razorwill not cut smooth, but will smart theface. It has been suggested to remedy this diliiculty by providing whatis known asl a metallicfhona made of a permanent magnet, thecutting-face of the hone being coveredwith a Vpasty preparation of emeryor other cutting material; but '`a diflicultyexperienced with this formof hone is that the attractive force is at the extremities 'ef the honeand is 'uit at the middle of the hone, so that in honing the edge of therazor is not always` drawn toward the hone.

A feature of my invention is that I am able to use a non-metallic hone,and another feature is that with myimprovement the edge of the razor isconstantly drawn to the hone, the attraction upon the razor beingconstant as it moves from lend to end lof the hone and being practicallyof the same force.

By means of my invention I provide very simple and absolutely eiectivemeans -for holding the actual edge of the' razor in contact with thehone, so'that the'diiiiculty above mentioned is avoided and a perfectedge can f beeasily produced on the razor.

I arrange in combination with a magnet a superposed lione which liesWholly in the field of a single pole of lthe magnet. The magnet is soarranged with relation to the hone that the lines of effective magneticforce through the hone are toward one pole of the magnet only.

In my invention the hone is independent of the magnet and may be made ofany suitable material and does not have to be metallic, as

in the magnetic bones heretofore known. I f

use an electromagnet and place the hone over one end of the magnet, sothat the attraction toward the magnet is through the hone at every partof the hone. Even those parts of the hone which are not directly overthe magnet will be in the line of attraction toward the magnet-that isto say, the lines of magnetic attraction act through all parts of thehone toward the magnet, although at diierent angles.

My invention embraces the combination of a' hone and an electromagnet,these two ele-v ments being so applied to each other that the inagnetwill act through the hone to vdraw the edge of the razor against thehone.

A razor-blade from where the bevel starts on the side of the razor tothe very edge must be very thin and Weak. If there. is any weight usedin drawing the razor across the hone, as in ordinary honing, the `edgewill spring from the hone and the honing will make the bevel thinner alittle way back from the edge than on the very edge; This will make whatwe callan overhpned razor or Wire-edge, which when put on a hard beardwill break away and get rough. The electromagnetic hone will avoid allthis, as it will attract the edge strong enough to hold it firmly on thehone, consequently giving a better cutting edge in much lessy time. Inhoning -The hone should never be allowed to get smooth, as it puts ontoosmooth an edge. To avoid this, use pumicc-stone or another piece ofhone .as a rub-rock.

My Vinvention also includes the various fea tures of constructionhereinafter more fully' set forth.

IOO

invention.

' Figure l isa perspective View of myinven tion in practical use, arazor being shown in position for honing. Fig. 2 is avertical mide.section of the electromagnetic hone detached from the battery orothersource of electrical energy. Line 2 2,I1`ig. 3, indicates the lineof section. Fig. 3' is a plan o-'r the preferred form of theelectromagnet with hone-holder. in place, the hone being omitted fromthe View.'

A indicates an electromagnet.

B indicates a hone, 'and C indicates-means "for holding the hone inplace above the electromagnet.

'D indicates a suitable source of electrical energy, the same Abeinginthis'V instance a storage battery. The electrofmagnet preferably has aprojecting soft-iron'core c, around which is Wound the Wire l 2,connected'with the poles of .the battery or other source of' electricalenergy. The core a is preferably oblong in cross-section, as 'appearsbythe elliptical form shown in Fig. 3. The honeholder C is provided witha groove or honef -seat c in its upper face to hold the hone. in

the holder. The holder is also provided With a seat c to seat. theprojecting core, so that when the holder is placed upon the electro-4magnet it will it onto the upper projectingr end of the core and thus beheldin place.

(Z indicates the key for connecting and disconnecting the coil andsource of electrical energy. 4

In practical operation for a hone of threeeighths-incl1 thickness anelectromagnet energized by a current of about iive volts Will be foundthoroughly effective; but itis to be understood that the thickness ofthe superposgd hone andthe strength of the magnet magnet only.

lmay be changed, as desired, without departing Vfrom my invention. y Ihave successfully useda storage battery of about iive volts forenergizing the magnet.

Care should be' taken an alternating current, so that the`action of themagnet will be constant. j

In use the operator 'will turn; the key d to electrizethe magnet, andwill then perform the operation of honing in the'ordinary manner. Aftervthe 'honing is completedtlie cursifredto use the hone.

I `claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination tromagnet' arranged with such relation to the Vof 4ahone' and an elechone'that the lines of 'eiective'magnetic force throughthehone are y2. The combination' of an electromagnet;

a hone; and a holderfor lhnlding the hone on the electroniagnet.

3. The combination of an 'electromagnet towardone pole of the havingaprojecting core; a hone-holder with j seat to seat the projecting coreand'with a hone-seat in its upper face; and a hon-e in said hone-seat.

4. An electromagnet'with core oblong in,

cross-section; a hone; and means for holding the hone above th'eeeore. Y5. The combination of a magnet and a suof a single pole of the magnet.

, TIIEODORE SMITH.

lVitnesses: i l

JAMES R. ToWNsuND, F. M. ToWNsnNn perposed hone Whiclrlies Wholly in thefield y 45 lthat thesource of4 i electrical energy shall deliver adirect and not

